Two-component dark matter from a flavor-dependent U(1) gauge extension

Duong Van Loi; Tuan Duy Nguyen; Hoang Duy Nguyen; Thi Ha Do

doi:10.15625/0868-3166/24281

Author affiliations

Authors

Duong Van Loi Phenikaa university https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5537-1584
Tuan Duy Nguyen Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 10 Dao Tan, Giang Vo, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5930-7718
Hoang Duy Nguyen Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study, Phenikaa University, Duong Noi, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Thi Ha Do Tran Quoc Tuan University - First Army Academy, Doai Phuong, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/0868-3166/24281

Keywords:

U(1) gauge symmetry, neutrino masses, dark matter

Abstract

We revisit the dark matter phenomenology of a flavor-dependent U(1)X gauge extension of the Standard Model, where anomaly cancellation predicts the existence of exactly three fermion generations and requires the presence of three right-handed neutrinos. In Ref. [1], a strong hierarchy between the vacuum expectation values of two singlet scalars, Λ2 >> Λ1, renders all Z2-odd scalar states heavy, resulting in a two-component dark matter scenario composed exclusively of fermions. In the present work, we relax this simplifying assumption and consider a more general mass spectrum. In particular, scalar mixing can naturally lead to a situation in which the lightest Z2-odd particle is a scalar rather than a fermion. As a consequence, the model admits a qualitatively new realization of two-component dark matter consisting of one fermionic and one scalar component, in addition to the purely fermionic scenario studied previously. We perform a dedicated phenomenological analysis of these two-component dark matter realizations, focusing on the coupled thermal freeze-out dynamics and the resulting relic abundance. Constraints from the observed relic density and current direct-detection limits are taken into account, and viable regions of parameter space are identified.

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