Effects of tides, waves, and sea dikes on storm surge-induced coastal flooding in the Thanh Hoa region

Van Tien Pham; Ba Thuy Nguyen; Kim Cuong Nguyen; Hai Dang Vu; Manh Ha Bui; Phuong Anh Nguyen; Sooyoul Kim; Lars Robert Hole

doi:10.15625/1859-3097/23504

Author affiliations

Authors

Pham Van Tien Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change, Hanoi, Vietnam
Nguyen Ba Thuy National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting, Hanoi, Vietnam
Nguyen Kim Cuong University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
Vu Hai Dang Institute of Earth Sciences, VAST, Vietnam
Bui Manh Ha National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting, Hanoi, Vietnam
Nguyen Phuong Anh National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting, Hanoi, Vietnam
Sooyoul Kim Center for Water Cycle, Marine Environment and Disaster Management, Kumamoto University, Japan
Lars Robert Hole Division of Oceanography and Maritime Meteorology, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Bergen, Norway

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/23504

Keywords:

Typhoon, tide, ocean waves, storm surge, coastal flooding, integrated SuWAT model, Doksuri, moving boundary, Geomorphology, upper Holocene sediments, Ma river delta, Thanh Hoa province.

Abstract

In this study, the impacts of tides, ocean waves, and sea dikes on coastal flooding in Thanh Hoa Province, caused by storm surge in combination with tides, were evaluated using simulated flooding results from Typhoon Doksuri (September 2017). The simulations were conducted with the SuWAT numerical model, which integrates tide, wave, and storm surge processes. The SuWAT model was developed using a moving-boundary algorithm to simulate flooding driven by tidal variations and storm surges. The results indicate that, for Typhoon Doksuri (September 2017), when landfall occurred during the highest tidal phase, the total inundated area in the study region increased by approximately 21.9% compared with landfall during the lowest tidal phase. When wave-induced effects were included in the model, the inundated area increased by about 7.2% relative to the case without wave influence. In the scenario without sea dikes along the Thanh Hoa coast, the total flooded area increased by approximately 69.0% compared to the case with real existing dikes. These findings provide valuable insights for coastal zone planning and for improving flood forecasting and early warning systems for tidal- and storm-surge-induced flooding in the study area.

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