Evaluation of selected bioactivities of Garcinia mangostana L. pericarp extracts on U87MG human glioblastoma cells
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https://doi.org/10.15625/2615-9023/23521Keywords:
Glioblastoma, Garcinia mangostana L, extracts, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, genotoxicityAbstract
Glioblastoma is a lethal and aggressive disease with a high death rate, causing severe impacts on both the economy and society. Conventional therapeutic approaches, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, are still not fully practical and often cause serious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new treatments that are safer and more effective. Compounds from the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp have attracted attention due to their valuable health effects. This study evaluated the biological activities of three mangosteen pericarp extracts (A1, A2, A3) on U87MG human glioblastoma cells. Antioxidant activity was measured using the Fenton reaction, and the results showed that extract A3 was the most effective (IC50 = 56.74 ± 8.11 µg/mL), followed by A2 and A1 (IC50 = 64.04 ± 14.05 and 75.83 ±
5.17 µg/mL, respectively). The MTS assay determined cytotoxicity, and the results revealed that A1 and A2 exhibited more potent growth inhibition (IC50 = 5.74 ± 0.254 and 5.88 ± 0.123 µg/mL, respectively) compared to A3 (9.01 ± 0.01 µg/mL). Based on these findings, the extracts were further evaluated for their ability to induce DNA damage using the Comet assay. The results revealed a significant increase in DNA fragmentation, with % Tail DNA reaching 19.7 ± 3.83% in cells treated with A1, 19.34 ± 2.76% with A2, and 10.28 ± 2.05% with A3, compared to the negative control (7.1 ± 1.1%). These results suggest that mangosteen pericarp extracts may hold potential as therapeutic agents for glioblastoma.
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